Bible Timelines

B.C.

2090   Abraham called by God

2067   Isaac born

2007   Jacob born

1992   Abraham dies

1944   Isaac dies

1877   Jacob arrives in Egypt

1860   Jacob dies in Egypt

1806   Joseph dies in Egypt

1730   Hyksos invasion of Egypt; Hebrews bondage begins.

1728   Hammurabi of Sumer born

1570   Hyksos expelled from Egypt; Amose I founds 18th dynasty

1548   Amenhotep I becomes pharaoh of Egypt

         Hebrew midwives ordered to destroy all Hebrew male children

1528   Thutmose I becomes pharaoh

         All newborn Hebrew males are to be cast into the Nile

1525   Moses born

1510   Thutmose II becomes pharaoh

1504   Hatshepsut becomes pharaoh

1487   Moses flees Egypt

1483   Thutmose III becomes pharaoh

         The great oppression of the Hebrews begins

1450   Amenhotep II becomes pharaoh

1447   The Exodus begins

1446   The Tabernacle constructed

1423   Thutmose IV becomes pharaoh

1410   Amenhotep III becomes pharaoh

1407    Moses dies; Joshua conquers Canaan    

1400    Conquest of Canaan completed    

1377    Akhnaton becomes pharaoh; inaugurates monotheistic reforms     

1375    Othniel becomes judge    

1319    Ehud becomes judge    

1318    Rameses I founds the 19th dynasty in Egypt    

1240    Deborah and Barak judge Israel    

1194    Gideon becomes judge    

1167    Eli born    

1155    Abimelech usurps power in Israel    

1152    Tola becomes judge    

1131    Jair becomes judge    

1109    Eli becomes priest

1105    Samuel born

1089    Jephthah becomes judge    

1083    Ibzan becomes judge    

1071    Elon becomes judge        

          Samson becomes judge         

1069    Samuel begins to minister   

1066    Abdon becomes judge         

1043    Saul becomes king        

1011    Saul and Jonathan slain         

          David becomes king of Judah   

1004    David becomes king over all Israel         

971    Solomon ascends the throne         

966    Solomon begins to build the Temple in Jerusalem         

945    Sheshhonk ( Shishak) becomes pharaoh of Egypt         

931    Rehoboam becomes king of Israel and Judah         

         Jeroboam rebels; sets Up a rival kingdom in the north    

913    Abijam becomes king of Judah    

911    Asa becomes king of Judah

910    Nadab becomes king of Israel    

909    Bausha becomes king of Israel

890    Benhadad becomes king of Syria

886    Elah becomes king of Israel

         Zimri becomes king of Israel     

885    Tibni becomes king of Israel

883    Ashurbanipal II becomes king of Assyria

880    Omri becomes king of Israel

874    Ahab becomes king of Israel

873    Jehoshaphat becomes king of Judah

859    Shalmaneser III becomes king of Assyria

858    Elijah begins to prophesy

853    Ahaziah becomes king of Israel

         Jehoram becomes king of Judah

852    Joram becomes king of Israel

         Elisha begins to prophesy

841    Jehu becomes king of Israel

         Ahaziah becomes king of Judah

         Athaliah seizes the throne of Judah

         Hazael becomes king of Syria

835    Joash becomes king of Judah

830    Joel prophecies

814    Jehoahaz becomes king of Israel

801    Benhadad II becomes king of Syria

798    Jehoash becomes king of Israel

796    Amaziah becomes king of Judah

790    Uzziah becomes co-regent of Judah

783    Shalmaneser IV becomes king of Assyria

783    Jonah begins his ministry

782    Jeroboam II becomes king of Israel

776    Olympic games begin in Greece

767    Uzziah becomes full king of Judah

764    Amos begins to prophesy

755    Hosea begins to prophesy

753    Rome founded

         Zechariah becomes king of Israel

752    Shallum becomes king of Israel

         Menahem becomes king of Israel

745    Tiglath-pileser III becomes king of Assyria

742    Pekahiah becomes king of Israel

740    Pekah becomes king of Israel

739    Uzziah dies; Isaiah begins to prophesy

         Jotham becomes king of Judah

736    Micah begins to prophesy

735    Ahaz becomes king of Judah

732    Hoshea becomes king of Israel

727    Shalmaneser IV becomes king of Assyria

722    Sargon II becomes king of Assyria Samaria falls; the ten tribes go into captivity

715    Hezekiah becomes king of Judah

705    Sennacherib becomes king of Assyria

701    Judah invaded by the Assyrians

686    Manasseh becomes king of Judah

681    Esarhaddon becomes king of Assyria

669    Ashurbanipal becomes king of Assyria

660    Zoroaster born

648    Nahum predicts the fall of Nineveh

642    Amon becomes king of Judah

640    Josiah becomes king of Judah

634    Zephaniah begins to prophesy

627    Jeremiah begins to prophesy

626    Nabopolasser becomes king of Babylon

622    Revival in Judah

619    Habakkuk begins to prophesy

612    Nineveh falls

609    Neco II becomes pharaoh of Egypt

         Jehoahaz becomes king of Judah

         Jehoiakim becomes king of Judah

605    Nebuchadnezzar becomes king of Babylon

         The Babylonians invade Judah Daniel begins to prophesy

597    Jehoachin becomes king of Judah

         Zedekiah becomes king of Judah

593    Ezekiel begins to prophesy

586    The Babylonians destroy Jerusalem and the Temple

         The Jews deported to Babylon Gedaliah becomes governor of Jerusalem

         The rabbis preempt the priests as the chief custodians of divine truth

563    Buddhism founded by Siddhartha

553    Belshazzar becomes regent in Babylon

550    Cyrus becomes king of Persia

         The temple of Artemis erected at Ephesus

550    Confucius begins to teach

539    Babylon falls to the Medes and Persians          

         Darius the Mede rules in Babylon         

538    Zerubbabel and Joshua lead a small party of Jewish repatriates back to Palestine  

536    The Temple started in Jerusalem         

530    Cambyses becomes king of Persia         

521    Smerdis becomes king of Persia         

         Darius I Hystapses becomes king of Persia         

520    Zechariah begins to prophesy         

         Haggai begins to prophesy         

         Construction of the Jerusalem Temple resumed    

516    The Temple completed    

509    The Roman Republic founded    

486    Xerxes becomes king of Persia

484    Herodotus the historian born

480    The Greeks defeat Xerxes at Salamis    

479    The Greeks defeat Xerxes at Thermopalye    

478    Esther becomes queen of Persia and later saves the Jews of the empire from             extermination

473    The Feast of Purim started

469    Socrates born        

464    Artaxerxes Longimanus becomes king of Persia         

458    Ezra takes a small contingent of Jews back to Palestine         

447    The building of the Parthenon commenced

445    Nehemiah takes a small contingent of Jews back to Palestine

443    Nehemiah and Ezra read the Scriptures to the Jews and help them understand

         the first roots of the Midrash begin to sprout; the Sopherim (Scribes) flourish

436    Malachi begins to prophesy    

423    Darius II becomes king of Persia         

404    Artaxerxes II becomes king of Persia    

400    The Midrash begins to develop    

399    Socrates condemned to death    

359    Artaxerxes III becomes king of Persia         

         Philip becomes king of Macedonia     

342    Epicurius teaches his philosophy

336    Darius III Codomannus becomes king of Persia

         Alexander the Great becomes king of Greece

335    Aristotle teaches at Athens

333    The Battle of Issus fought; Alexander defeats the Persians

         Alexander takes Egypt

332    Alexander destroys Tyre

331    Alexander seizes Babylon

330    Darius III of Persia slain

329    Alexander marries Roxana in a symbolic gesture of uniting East and West

327    Alexander invades India

323    Alexander claims to be the son of Zeus

         Alexander dies

         Alexander’s empire divided between his four chief generals

         Ptolemy I Soter takes Egypt

320    Ptolemy I seizes Palestine

311    Seleucus I Nicator takes Babylon

300    Rome becomes a major world power in the western Mediterranean

         Seleucus I adds Syria to his realm

285    Ptolemy II Philadelphius becomes king of Egypt

         Between 285 and 130 the Septuagint translated

280    Antiochus I Soter becomes king of Syria

276    The first Syro-Egyptian war begins

275    Ptolemy of Egypt invades Syria

274    Hinduism codified in India

264    Rome’s first Punic war against Carthage begins

261    Antiochus II Theos (the God) becomes king of Syria

260    The second Syro-Egyptian war begins

252    Antiochus II marries Bernice, daughter of Ptolemy II

250    The Parthian kingdom founded

246    Seleucus II Callinicus becomes king of Syria

         Ptolemy III Euergetes becomes king of Egypt

         The third Syro-Egyptian war begins

245    Ptolemy invades Syria

240    Seleucus invades Egypt

223    Antiochus III (the Great) becomes king of Syria

221    Ptolemy IV Philopater becomes king of Egypt

         The fourth Syro-Egyptian war begins

219    Antiochus the Great invades Egypt

218    Rome’s second Punic war against Carthage begins

217    Hannibal invades Italy Ptolemy IV invades Syria; Battle of Raphia

215    Rome’s first Macedonian war begins

206    Rome drives Carthage out of Spain

203    Ptolemy V ( Epiphanes ) becomes king of Egypt

201    The fifth Syro-Egyptian war begins Carthage surrenders to Rome

200    Rome’s second Macedonian war begins

200    The Mishna begins to appear among the Jews

193    Ptolemy V marries Cleopatra, daughter of Antiochus III

190    Antiochus III defeated by Romans at Magnesia

187    Seleucus IV Philopator becomes king of Syria

181    Ptolemy VI Philomater becomes king of Egypt

175    Antiochus IV Epiphanes becomes king of Syria

171    Ptolemy VII becomes co-regent of Egypt with Ptolemy VI

         Rome’s third Macedonian war begins

         Mithridates I begins the conquest of Babylonia and Media, adding those countries to            Elam, Persia, and Bactra to form the Parthian Empire

169    Antiochus Epiphanes captures Jerusalem

168    The Romans interfere in Antiochus’s war with Egypt and prevent his capturing

         Alexandria

         Antiochus pollutes the Temple in Jerusalem and suspends the sacrifices of the Jews

166    Matthias leads the Jews in revolt against Antiochus Epiphanes

165    The Jerusalem Temple repaired and cleansed

164    Antiochus Epiphanes dies

154    The Jews in Egypt build a temple at Leontopolis

149    Rome’s third Punic war against Carthage begins Rome’s fourth Macedonian war                    begins

146    The Romans destroy Carthage

135    John Hyrcanus becomes high priest in Jerusalem

133    Rome begins to expand her empire eastward

130    The Pharisees begin to emerge as a sect

124    Mithridates II (the Great) conquers Scythia, adds it to the Parthian Empire, and                  makes a treaty with Rome

120    Hyrcanus repudiates the Pharisees and declares himself a Sadducee

106    Cicero born

88      Rome’s first Mithridatic war begins

83      Rome’s second Mithridatic war begins

74      Rome’s third Mithridatic war begins

64      Pompey captures Jerusalem; leaves the Maccabean high priest Hyrcanus in power             with Antipater as civil adviser

60      The first Triumvirate at Rome (Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey )

59      Julius Caesar becomes proconsul; Pompey marries Julia, daughter of Caesar

58      Caesar conquers Gaul

54      Caesar invades Britain

49      Caesar crosses the Rubicon

48      Pompey slain in Egypt

         Caesar makes Cleopatra queen of Egypt

44      Caesar becomes dictator of Rome for life

         Caesar assassinated

43      The second Triumvirate at Rome (Anthony, Lepidus, and Octavian )

40      Herod appointed king

37      Herod captures Jerusalem

31      Battle of Actium, Anthony slain, Octavian becomes master of the Roman world, the             final triumph of Empire

30      Egypt becomes a Roman province

30      Shammai

         Hillel 

         Philo of Alexandria

21      Octavian assumed the title of Augustus

20      Herod begins to rebuild the Jerusalem Temple

4       Herod dies

4       THE BIRTH OF JESUS

A.D.

14    Augustus dies

       Tiberius becomes Roman emperor

26    Jesus begins to teach; He characterizes rabbinic teaching (the Mishna) as “vain                  tradition’

30    Jesus crucified and raised from the dead

       Pentecost; the Christian church is born

37    Caligula becomes Roman emperor

40    Gentiles are added to the church with the conversion of Cornelius

41    Claudius becomes Roman emperor

       Antioch becomes the new center of church activity

43    Theudas claims to be Messiah and is executed

54    Nero becomes Roman emperor

59    The apostle Paul is imprisoned at Caesarea

60    Paul appears before Agrippa

61    Paul a prisoner at Rome

66    The Jews of Judea revolt against Rome

68    Paul martyred at Rome

69    Jerusalem beseiged by the Romans

       Jochanan ben Zakkai seeks an audience with Vespasian

       Vespasian becomes Roman emperor

70    Jerusalem falls; the Temple burned; the Jews deported

73    The last stand of the Jewish rebels at Masada

79    Titus becomes Roman emperor

81    Domitian becomes Roman emperor

96    Nerva becomes Roman emperor

98    Trajan becomes Roman emperor

113    Rome goes to war with Parthia

116    A further Jewish revolt against Rome is suppressed with great severity

117    Hadrian becomes Roman emperor

132    Bar Kochba claims to be Messiah and leads a revolt against Rome

         Judea depopulated and the Jews denationalized by the Romans

138    Antoninus Pius becomes Roman emperor

150    Tertullian born